Natural Resources Institute

Staff

Name Details
Dr Steven Harte
  • Qualifications: BSc, PhD, MRSC, MSCI, MRES, FHEA
  • Biography:

    Steven joined the Chemical Ecology research group as a research fellow within the Natural Resources Institute in 2017. Since then, he has worked on numerous interdisciplinary projects investigating semiochemicals for use in integrated pest management and improving pollination services. Recently Steven has also moved into biopesticide research, such as entomopathogenic fungi, using his natural product expertise to identify and isolate bioactive metabolites. All areas of his research are focused on attempting to reduce reliance on traditional agrochemical interventions and thus make agriculture more sustainable.

    This interest was informed by his experience working  as a Natural Product Chemist for 5 years at the small biotech firm Hypha Discovery (https://www.hyphadiscovery.com/), where he was responsible for isolating novel bioactive metabolites from bacterial and fungal strains as part of a drug discovery methodology. 

    Over the years Steven has worked closely with the Royal Society of Chemistry and currently sits on both the Kent local section and the agriculture special interest group committees, organising events and STEM outreach activities.

    Steven started his career when he received his BSc in Chemistry with mathematics from Keele University in 2007. He followed this by working as an analytical chemist at both Clariant and Sanofi Aventis and was responsible for the quality control analysis for fine pharmaceuticals produced on site.

    Steven subsequently started working on utilising small molecule inhibitors of Spliceosomal protein Snu114 at the University of Manchester, under Dr David Berrisford, for which he was received a PhD in biochemistry. 
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    Steven is part of the Chemical Ecology group, and a lot of his work is focused in this research area, investigating chemical messages between organisms. This has involved numerous projects on insect pheromones or host attractants, specifically for pest insects where these attractants can be used as lures for insect traps as part of pest monitoring or trapping strategies. This has included many pests both domestic and international such as Spotted Wing Drosophila, Vine Weevil, Rhinoceros Beetle, Tomato Bug and many more.

    The second main aspect of Steven’s work at NRI is investigating innovative biopesticides against persistent crop pests, such as his work on the Fall Army Worm, an invasive pest in Africa and south-west Asia. Steven and the team tested the efficacy of combining a botanical insecticide and an entomopathogenic fungi against this pest which helps mitigate the drawbacks of these biopesticide when used in isolation.

    Both of these research aspects play a role in integrated pest management strategies which is an important aspect of moving away from traditional synthetic chemical interventions and contributes to the NRI’s impact within sustainable agricultural intensification.
  • Research Projects:

    FLYTHRIVE: Fly-led Yield Thriving in Horticulture with Integrated Vision and Ecology (PI, Innovate UK)

    FLYTHRIVE is a collaborative project between Olombria, NIAB and NRI aimed to tackle rising insect pest infestations in common berry crops using advanced AI, natural lures and selected species of aphidophagous hoverflies to monitor the crop and trigger earlier intervention continuously.

    Horticulture: Smart trap for improved early detection of vine weevil to enable successful application of integrated pest management (PI, BBSRC)

    Vine weevils are a damaging pest for the both the horticulture and plant ornamental sectors. While population control is achieved through the application of nematodes this process is hindered by poor monitoring solutions. This limitation results in both unneeded applications and late applications of nematodes.

    In collaboration with Harper Adams University, we have developed a “smart trap” solution to vine weevil monitoring. This trap has motion activated remote camera system with a semiochemical lure and a machine learning based algorithm for weevil detection. 

    Environmentally Benign Combination Biopesticides: Transforming Pest Control in Chinese and UK agriculture (Co-I, Innovate UK). 

    Due to issues with environmental contamination, pesticide resistance and non-target mortality the use of traditional pesticides worldwide has seen a reduction. In many cases these pesticides have been replaced with biopesticides. Botanical pesticides, such as pyrethrum, are known to be less toxic than their synthetic equivalents but degrade in UV light and thus offer shorter protection. Entomopathogenic Fungi is a fungus that infects insects and offers long term protection in the field but there is a lag time before they become effective.

    To mitigate these issues, we combined both botanical insecticides and entomopathogenic fungi into one pest control solution to mitigate the drawbacks of using each individually (Harte et al, 2024).

    Exploitation of interspecific signals to deter oviposition by spotted-wing drosophila (Co-I, BBSRC-IPA)

    The invasive insect pest, spotted-wing drosophila (SWD) lays its eggs in soft fruit which hatch into larvae, feed on the fruit, causing fruit collapse and significant economic losses worldwide. Thus far SWD has evaded integrated pest management strategies and current control methods rely primarily on insecticide applications, which are not sustainable long-term solutions.  In this project we showed that D. suzukii were deterred from laying eggs on artificial media exposed to egg laying Drosophila melanogaster, its sister species. This deterrent effect would prove invaluable for soft fruit growers if it could be replicated without the presence of the sister species. Through an exhaustive search we deduced that this signal did not appear to be solely chemical in nature and likely requires live microorganisms (Tungadi et al., 2022).
  • Research Students:

    PhD students:

    • Deanna Mills (1st Supervisor)
    • Safinatu Ameen (1st Supervisor)
    • Asoo Yaji (2nd Supervisor)
    • Cedric Maforimbo (2nd Supervisor)
    • Francesca Amanesih (3rd Supervisor)

    Completed:

    • Louise Malmgren (3rd Supervisor)
  • Teaching Programmes:

    Postgraduate:

    • Agriculture for Sustainable Development, MSc.
    • Biotechnology, MSc.
    • Food Innovation, MSc.
    • Food Safety and Quality Management, MSc.
    • Global Environmental Change, MSc.

    Undergraduate:

    • Biology, BSc.
    • Biomedical Science, BSc.
    • Chemistry, BSc.
    • Forensic Science, BSc.
    • Forensics and Criminology, BSc.
    • Human Health, BSc.
    • Pharmaceutical Sciences, BSc.
  • Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (GALA) link: https://gala.gre.ac.uk/view/authors/6921.html
  • Responsibilities:
    • Postdoctoral Researcher
    • Lecturer
    • Co-Chair of the Faculty of engineering and Sciences
    • Early career researcher representative for the NRI
  • Awards:

    • MRSC (Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry)

    • MSCI (Member of the Society of Chemical Industry)

    • MRES (Member of the Royal Entomological Society)

    • FHEA (Fellow of the Higher Education Authority)
  • External Profiles:

    ORCID

    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9628-7912

    LinkedIn

    https://www.linkedin.com/in/steven-harte-56543745

    Google Scholar

    https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SDgAgrwAAAAJ&hl=en

    ResearcherID (WoS)

    https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/AAW-5652-2021

    Research Gate

    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Steven-Harte/research

    Academia

    https://independent.academia.edu/StevenJHarte
  • Selected Publications:

    • James, K., Springate, S., Harte, S.J., Farman, D., Colgan, R. and Arnold, S.E. (2024) Buzzing benefits: how multi-species pollination boosts strawberry yield, quality, and nutritional value. Journal of Pollination Ecology, 37(20), pp.326-340. https://doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2024)788

    • Harte, S.J., Bray, D., Nash-Woolley, V., Stevenson, P., and Fernández-Grandon, M.G. (2024) Antagonistic and additive effect when combining biopesticides against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Scientific Reports. 14(1), pp. 6029 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56599-w

    • Hardy, H., Harte, S.J., Hopkins, R., Mnyone, L. and Hawkes, F. (2023) The influence of manure-based organic fertilisers on the oviposition behaviour of Anopheles arabiensis. Acta Tropica, 244:106954, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106954

    • Sanchez-Gomez, T., Harte, S.J., Zamora, P., Matéo, B., Julio, J.D., Baudilio, H., Niño-Sánchez, J. and Martín-García, J. (2023) Nematicidal effect of Beauveria species and the mycotoxin beauvericin against pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6:1229456, pp. 67-77. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1229456

    • Tungadi, T.D., Shaw, B., Powell, G., Hall, D.R., Bray, D.P., Harte, S.J., Farman, D.I., Wijnen, H. and Fountain, M.T., (2022). Live drosophila melanogaster larvae deter oviposition by drosophila suzukii. Insects, 13(8), pp. 688. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13080688

    • Bray, D.P., Hall, D.R., Harte, S.J., Farman, D.I., Vankosky M.A. and Mori B.A., (2022). Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Newly-Described Canola Flower Midge, Contarinia brassicola. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 48, pp. 479–490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-022-01369-z 

    • Hall, D.R., Harte, S.J., Bray, D.P., Farman, D.I., James, R., Silva, C.X. and Fountain, M.T., (2021). Hero Turned Villain: Identification of Components of the Sex Pheromone of the Tomato Bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis. Journal of Chemical Ecology, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-021-01270-1

    • Hall, D.R., Harte, S.J., Farman, D.I., Ero, M. and Pokana, A., (2021). Identification of Components of the Aggregation Pheromone of the Guam Strain of Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, and Determination of Stereochemistry. Journal of chemical ecology, 48, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-021-01329-z

    • Fernández-Grandon, G.M., Harte, S.J., Ewany, J., Bray, D. and Stevenson, P.C., (2020). Additive effect of botanical insecticide and entomopathogenic fungi on pest mortality and the behavioral response of its natural enemy. Plants, 9(2), pp. 173. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020173
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3955
Senior Lecturer in Chemical Ecology
Professor Alan Cork
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Biography:

    Emeritus Professor of Bio-Rational Pest Management, and former Head of Agriculture, Health and Environment Group. Professor Cork has published over 100 peer-reviewed papers resulting from 30 years experience of research to develop and implement IPM-compatible solutions to crop-pest and disease-vector problems that affect the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers in South Asia, South America and Africa.
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Emeritus Professor of Bio-rational Pest Management
Professor Christopher Atkinson
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Qualifications: BSc, PhD, MI Hort, FI Hort, FSB
  • Biography:

    Professor Christopher Atkinson joined the University of Greenwich from East Malling Research in late 2012. Previously he worked for Unilever Research Ltd, Welwyn, and for the Agriculture Food Research Council at Rothamsted Research Station, in Harpenden (1971–76) as assistant (ASO) to the analyst. After obtaining advanced City & Guilds qualifications in analytical chemistry at Hatfield Polytechnic (now the University of Hertfordshire), he read for a degree in applied biology at London University (1976–79), followed by a PhD at UNCW Bangor (1982) with Professor J.F. Farrar in the department of J.L. Harper FRS. Professor Atkinson has held postdoctoral research positions in the Department of Forestry, University of Wales (1982–84) with M.P. Denne; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, USA (1984–87) with W.E. Winner; was a visiting scholar at Stanford University, California, USA (1984–87) working with H.A. Mooney; worked in the Department of Biological Sciences, Lancaster University, UK (1987–90) and, with a NERC Research Fellowship (1990–91), worked with T.A. Mansfield FRS and W.J. Davies CBE. He moved to Horticulture Research International (HRI), East Malling as a Senior Scientific Officer in Crop Physiology (1992), working with H.G. Jones. Professor Atkinson was promoted to Principle Research Scientist in the Perennial Quality and Biotechnology, East Malling (1997) and became an Executive Member of EMR's Science Management Team (2004–12) and Head of Science (2006–11) and then Deputy Chief Executive and Senior Programme Leader, resource use and sustainable production (2011–12) working with P.J. Gregory (CEO).

    Professor Atkinson also held positions as:

    • Executive Director of East Malling Limited (2009–10)
    • Executive Director of Plant Vaccines Limited (2009–11)
    • Executive Director of Malling Limited (2010–12).

    Currently, he is Emeritus Professor of Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich. to present).
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    Professor Atkinson's research interests focus on understanding the impacts of environmental stress on the growth and development of crops, with particular expertise in perennial woody crops, such as apples and pears. His work includes studies of the influence of water on fruit growth and quality, and the impacts of chilling on flowering and cropping, and developing strategies to optimise production through understanding the processes which control fruit set and retention. The drought stress tolerance mechanisms of different crops, particularly those linked to the root behaviour of woody crops, have been extensively investigated.

    Recent work is directed at the health benefits of fruit consumption, particularly with respect to agronomic ways to enhance bioactive secondary metabolites, such as antioxidants. Research also includes non-food crops, i.e. perennial biomass crops, enhancing artemisinin production (an antimalarial) in A. annua, pharmaceutical protein production (e.g. cyanovirin) in GM tobacco and biochar sequestration impacts on agriculture. This research provides the foundation of his vision for developing ways to intensify food production using sustainable approaches which facilitate crops and growing systems which cope with climate change stress, particularly drought.

    He has also devoted time to promoting the understanding of science issues within the food production industry and with the general public.
  • Awards:
    • Member, British Ecological Society (1997 to present)
    • Member, International Society of Horticultural Science (1992 to present)
    • Member, Board of Advisors to the New Phytologist (1995–98)
    • Associate editor, Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology (1995–2004).
    • Member, Board of Reviewers of Journal of Experimental Botany (1990 to present)
    • Member, Society of Experimental Biology (1980 to present)
    • Editor, Plant Growth Regulation (2003–04)
    • Editor in Chief, Plant Growth Regulation (2004–09)
    • Visiting Member, Academic staff at Reading University (2011–16)
    • Member, Institute of Horticulture (2011–12)
    • Fellow, Society of Biology (2011 to present)
    • Fellow, Institute of Horticulture (2012 to present)
    • Reviewer for the Biotechnological and Biological Research Council (2008 to present)
    • Appointed to the BBSRC UK Pool of Experts (2011 to present).
    • Appointed to the UK BBSRC Horticulture and Potato Initiative – Steering Group and reviewer (2012 to present).
    • Member of stakeholder group for the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Science and Technology in Agriculture, UK (2009 to present).
    • Reviewer for Acta Horticulturae-International Society of Horticultural Science, Annals of Botany, Biologicals, Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, Environmental Science and Technology, Experimental Agriculture, Experimental and Environmental Biology, Functional Plant Biology, International Journal of Molecular Science, Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, Malaria Journal, Planta, Plant Growth Regulation, Plant and Soil, Royal Agricultural Society of England, Tree Physiology, and other international plant journals.

    International research proposal reviewer for the following:

    • USDA–National Research Initiative, Plant Response to the Environment
    • University Grants Committee, Hong Kong
    • Invited reviewer, BBSRC Industrial Partnership Awards, 2009
    • The International Foundation for Science, 2010
    • BiodivERsA2011-83 programme, 2011
    • Swiss National Science Foundation, 2011
    • USDA, NIFA programme, 2012
    • Member of the International Atomic Energy Authority, Fruits Working Group.
    • External PhD examiner at Lancaster University, University of Reading, University of Dundee and University of Bristol.
    • Judge at the National Fruit Show (1996 to present).
  • Selected Publications:
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Emeritus Professor of Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change
Professor George Rothschild
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Qualifications: PhD
  • Biography:

    Professor George Rothschild is a dual British-Australian citizen with over 50 years of post-doctoral experience of research and development in low and middle income countryes with lengthy periods of residence in two South-East Asia countries, and shorter-term assignments elsewhere in 40 developing nations in Asia, Africa and Latin America. He obtained a BSc (Hons) at the University of Nottingham - UK in 1959, and a PhD and DIC from the Imperial College of Science & Technology - UK in 1962. His ‘hands-on’ research spanned the first 30 years of his career (up to 1987), mostly in insect pest behaviour and ecology, and their application in integrated pest management; this included 17 years as Chief Research Scientist and Deputy Divisional Chief at the Commonwealth Scientific &Industrial Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia, but also assignments in Asia during that time. From 1987 through 1998, Professor Rothschild held various positions including Foundation Director of the then Australian Bureau of Rural Science (BRS), CEO of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), and Director-General of the CGIAR International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). He also served for some time as the lead technical adviser to several Australian Federal Government Ministers - including the Minister for Foreign Affairs & Trade, three successive Ministers for Overseas Development, and the Minister for Primary Industries & Energy. Professor Rothschild joined NRI in 1998 on a part-time basis, assisting the then Director with resource mobilisation and policy issues, and since retirement in 2001 has worked for NRI in various projects funded by the European Commission, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and others. From 2005-2015, he was a part-time programme advisor for Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Chemical Regulatory Directorate (CRD), and is presently (2019) working in two projects in Africa and another in Myanmar. Throughout his career and up to the present he has served as Chair or Member of the governing Boards of a number of international organisations – see Awards and External Recognition section.
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    Professor Rothschild’s disciplinary research interests are insect ecology, especially population regulatory mechanisms, and insect behaviour, particularly the role of semiochemicals in mediating reproduction. The application of both these areas of research to practical insect pest management (IPM) in horticultural and agricultural crops in the developing world as well as in Australia, represented the main body of work during his “hands-on” post-doctoral research career of ca 30 years After this period, although retaining his more specific research interests, his main roles have been in directing international research for development institutions in Australia and other parts of the world, implementing and managing programmes on a broad range of agricultural and natural resource management issues, and conducting monitoring, evaluation and impact reviews for development partners/investors including ACIAR, FCDO, European Commission, FAO, IFAD and the World Bank, Professor Rothschild has also been actively engaged in advocacy for international agricultural research for development with standing and non-standing parliamentary committees in Australia and similar committees and all-party parliamentary groups in the UK.
  • Awards:
    • Elected Fellow of the ‘Australian Academy of Technological Sciences & Engineering’. 1991.
    • Elected Honorary Fellow of the ‘Royal Entomological Society of London’. 2001.
    • Awarded Tropical Agriculture Association (TAA) ‘Development Agriculturalist of the Year.’ 2015
    • Member of Board of CGIAR ‘International Water Management Institute’ (IWMI). 2011-2017.
    • Chair of Board of CGIAR ‘Challenge Programme on Water & Food’ (CPWF). 2008-2011.
    • Member of Board of ‘Crops for the Future Research Centre’(CFFRC/CFF). 2009 to present.
    • Chair of Board of ’International Centre for Underutilised Crops’/ ‘Crops for the Future’. 2005-2009.
    • Chair of ‘European Forum on Agricultural Research for Development’ (EFARD). 2007-2010.
    • Chair of ‘UK Forum on Agricultural Research for Development’ (UKFARD). 2007-present.
    • Member of FCDO RNRRS Crop Protection Research Advisory Committee. 1999-2006.
    • Member of FCDO RNRRS Plant Sciences Research Programme Advisory Committee 2000-2006.
    • Member of Governing Board of CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International). 1992-2000.
    • International Advisory Committee for 2020 Vision (with Norman Borlaug, Robert McNamara et al.). 1995-97.
    • Member of Board of Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS). 1995-97.
    • Member of Committee of International Plant Protection Congresses. 1986-89.
    • Editorial Board (former member) of (i) Bulletin of Entomological Research; (ii) Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment; (iii) International Journal of Pest Management; (iv) Journal of Agricultural Science; (v) BioControl (previously Entomophaga); (vi) Experimental Agriculture.
    • Vice-President of Australian Entomological Society. 1984-88.
    • Member of Australian Entomological Society (present), Member of British Ecological Society (past), Ecological Society of Australia (past); Fellow (Honorary) Royal Entomological Society of London (present, and see above).
  • Selected Publications:

    ***Note: Most research publications ceased in 1991; remaining publications up to the present, largely conference papers and consultant reports;

    Selected research publications
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (2014). Some personal recollections of pheromone research in the 1970s. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 40:311-312
    • Būda, V., Mäeorg, U., Karalius, V., Rothschild, G.H.L., Kolonistova, S.,Ivinskis, P. & R. Mozūraitis, R. (1993). C18 Dienes as attractants for eighteen clearwing (Sesiidae), tineid (Tineidae), and choreutid (Choreutidae) moth spp. Journal of Chemical Ecology 19: 799-813
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. & Vickers, R.A. (1991) Ecology and control of Oriental Fruit Moth. Pp 389-412. In: World Crop Pests – Tortricid Pests. Elsevier. Oxford
    • Vickers, R.A. & Rothschild, G.H.L. (1991) Use of pheromones for control of Codling Moth. Pp 339-354, In: World Crop Pests – Tortricid Pests. Elsevier. Oxford.
    • Szöcs, G, Miller L.A., Thomas, W., Vickers, R.A., Rothschild, G.H.L., Schwarz M., and Tóth, M. (1990). Compounds modifying male responsiveness to main female sex pheromone component of the currant borer, Synanthedon tipuliformis clerk (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) under field conditions.  Journal of Chemical Ecology 16 :1289–1305
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (1986). The Potato Moth –an adaptable pest of short-term cropping systems. Pp 144-162, In: The Ecology of Exotic Animals & Plants. John Wiley & Sons. NY
    • Vickers, R.A., Rothschild, G.H.L. and Jones, E.L. (1986). Control of the oriental fruit moth, Cydia molesta (Busck) at a district level by mating disruption with synthetic female sex pheromone. Bulletin of Entomological Research 75: 625-634.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (1983). Mating disruption of Lepidopterous pests: Current status and future prospects. Pp 207-228.  In: (Mitchell, E.R. Ed) Management of Insect Pests with Semiochemicals: concepts & Practice. Springer, Boston, USA.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L (1982). Suppression of mating in codling moths with synthetic sex pheromone and other compounds. In: Insect suppression with controlled release pheromone systems. Vol 2, Pp 117-134. CRC Press: Boca Raton, USA.
    • Van der Laan, P.A. and Rothschild G.H.L (1981). The Pests of Crops of Indonesia. Ichtar Baru –Van Hoeve   xix  + 701pp.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (1971). The biology and ecology of rice-stem borers in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo). Journal of Applied Ecology. 8:  287-322.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (1970). Observations on the ecology of the rice-ear bug, Leptocorisa oratorious (F.) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo).  Journal of Applied Ecology. 7: 147-167.
    • Rothschild, G. H. L. (1966a). A study of a natural population of Conomelus anceps(Germar) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) including observations on predation using the precipitin test. Journal of Animal Ecology 35: 413–434.
    Selected consultancy reports
    • Rothschild, G. and Pillot, D. (2014). Development of a robust commercially sustainable multiple use sorghum value chain in Kenya and Tanzania. ICRISAT. Review of EC-IFAD funded CGIAR projects. Agrinatura-EEIG. European Commission.
    • Rothschild, G. and Tollens, E. (2013). Guidelines for reviewing EC-funded CGIAR Projects after the CGIAR reform in the context of the CGIAR Research Programmes (CRPs) Agrinatura-EEIG. European Commission.
    • Rothschild, G. (2012). Global Public Goods: their Role in contributing to Food Security and Poverty Reduction. Report to Directorate-General.  DevCo. European Commission.
    • Rothschild, G., Adolph, B, Tollens, E. & Mokunweye, U. (2012). Joint Review (External Program & Management Review and Mid-Term Review) of the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA). FARA. Accra.
    • Rothschild, G. and Tollens, E. (2011). Guidelines for joint review missions applicable in 2011 & 2012 in the EIARD framework for the monitoring & evaluation of the CGIAR. Agrinatura-EEIG. European Commission.
    • Rothschild, G. and Egelyng, H. (2009). Rice policy and technology impact on food security and poverty eradication – AfricaRice Center.  Review of EC-IFAD funded CGIAR projects December 2009. Agrinatura-EEIG. European Commission.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (2007). Consultant report to Ad Hoc Executive Committee on CGIAR Reform. Restructuring of CGIAR and System priorities. September 2007. CGIAR, Washington.
    • Rothschild, G.H.L. (2003) Review of ACIAR Project: Management of rodent pests in rice-based farming systems in Southeast Asia.  ACIAR, Canberra.
    • Rothschild, G. (with ODI, CEPA, N.M. Rothschild Ltd) (2002). Rural Enterprise Technology Facility (RETF). Supporting Pro-Poor Private Sector Rural Enterprise Development. Final Report. March 2002. FCDO, London.
    • Rothschild, G. (2002). Review of Biotechnology capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Centres of Excellence in-country and scope for International laboratory at John Innes Centre (JIC) Commissioned – Gatsby Charitable Trust, London. September 2002.
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Emeritus Professor of International Agriculture
Professor John Porter
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Emeritus Professor of Agriculture and Climate Change
Professor Keith I Tomlins Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3460
Emeritus Professor of Food Science
Professor Raymond Coker
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Qualifications: MRSC, C.Chem, PhD
  • Biography:

    Ray is Emeritus Professor of Food Safety at the Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, and owner of Raymond Coker Consulting Limited.

    He has been involved with the international management of food & feed safety for over thirty years, specialising in the control of mycotoxins (potent fungal toxins) in food and feed throughout the globe. He has advised a variety of national and international bodies including the Food Standards Agency (UK), EU, Department for International Development, USAID, and UN agencies (including FAO, WHO & IAEA), and has led a variety of international, multidisciplinary projects.

    Ray has worked in Europe, South & S E Asia, China, Africa and North & South America.

    He founded ToxiMet Limited in 2005, in order to develop simple, affordable, accurate and robust technology (the ToxiMet System) for the accurate measurement of mycotoxins in foods & feeds, throughout the global supply chain.

    Ray established a further company, Raymond Coker Consulting Limited, in 2013.
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    Ray is a natural products chemist who initially studied medicinal plants. Subsequently, he devoted the rest of his career to addressing the occurrence and control of mycotoxins in foods and feeds, throughout global supply chains, including the development of:

    • Sampling and sample preparation methods for the production of accurate analytical samples, of a variety of foods and feeds, from small batches to batches of tens of thousands of tonnes.
    • Methods (e.g. TLC, HPLC, HPTLC, ELISA, biosensor) for the quantitative analysis of mycotoxins in a wide variety of commodities.
    • Surveillance procedures for the accurate evaluation of the mycotoxin contamination of food and feeds in specific regions.
    • A commercial process for the detoxification of aflatoxin-contaminated animal feeds.
    • Biological methods (e.g. using engineered baker’s yeast) to evaluate the toxicity of a variety of mycotoxins.
    • Patented technology (ToxiMet System) for the accurate measurement of mycotoxins, by non-scientists, at factories, warehouses, docksides etc throughout the global supply chain.
    • Distributed ledger technology (e.g. blockchain), as a platform for the enhancement of the efficacy of tools employed in the management of food & feed safety systems.
    • Patented soil testing technology (Safe Soil Tester) to simply & rapidly detect contaminants on brownfield sites, prior to attempted remediation.
  • Awards:

    MIoD; FRSA; Emeritus Professor of Food Safety, University of Greenwich.
  • Selected Publications:

    Ray has contributed over one hundred articles to learned journals, books and other specialist publications, as well as attending international conferences in Europe, Asia, Africa, North & South America as an invited lecturer. He has eight granted patents or patent pending.

    • Feed Planet (Feed Industry Specialty Magazine), November – December 2018; Mycotoxins – The silent threat to animal health & productivity, and food safety, pp 48 – 54, Parantez Publishing & Congress Ltd. (First of a series of articles.)
    • Nicholas W.Turner, Heli Bramhmbhatt, Monika Szabo-Vezse, Alessandro Poma, Raymond Coker, Sergey A.Piletsky (2015). Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: An update (2009–2014). Analytica Chimica Acta 901, 12-33.
    • Coker, Raymond Douglas (Bromley Kent, GB); Nagler, Martin Jesse (Chatham Kent, GB); Andreou, Michael Paul (Horsham West Sussex, GB) (2013). Apparatus and method for detection and measurement of target compounds such as a food toxin. United States Patent 8,344,334
    • Lyne Josse,  Xingmin Li, Raymond D. Coker, Campbell W. Gourlay, Ivor H. Evans (2011). Transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis of the effects of T-2 toxin on Saccharomyces cerevisiae: evidence of mitochondrial involvement. FEMS Yeast Research 11(1):133-50
    • Coker, Raymond Douglas (Bromley Kent, GB); Nagler, Martin Jesse (Chatham Kent, GB); Andreou, Michael Paul (Horsham West Sussex, GB) (2010). Device for detection and measurement of a target compound such as a food toxin. United States Patent 7,843,566
    • Elena Piletska, Kal Karim, Raymond Coker, Sergey Piletsky (2010). Development of custom polymeric materials specific for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A for application with the ToxiQuant T1 sensor tool. Journal of Chromatography A 1217 (16), 2543-2547.
    • Xingmin Li, Stefan Millson, Raymond Douglas Coker, Ivor Howell Evans (2009). A sensitive bioassay for the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1, which also responds to the mycotoxins aflatoxin G1 and T-2 toxin, using engineered baker's yeast. Journal of Microbiological Methods 77, Issue 3, 285-291.
    • Xingmin Li, Stefan Millson, Raymond Douglas Coker, Ivor Howell Evans (2006). Cloning and expression of Penicillium minioluteum dextranase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its exploitation as a reporter in the detection of mycotoxins. Biotechnol Lett 28: 1955–1964.
    • Mamtaz Dawlatana, Raymond Douglas Coker, Martin J Nagler, Christopher P. Wild, Mohammad G. Hassan, Gerald Blunden (2002). The occurrence of mycotoxins in key commodities in Bangladesh: surveillance results from 1993 to 1995. J Nat Toxins 11(4): 379-86.
    • Ron L.A.P. Hoogenboom, Th. H. G. Polman, G E Neal, A. J. Verma, C Guyomard, J Tulliez, J P Gautier, Raymond Douglas Coker, M J Nagler,  E Heidenreich, J Delort-Laval (2001). Genotoxicity testing of extracts from aflatoxin-contaminated peanut meal, following chemical decontamination. Food Additives and Contaminants 18(4):329-41.
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Emeritus Professor of Food Safety and Director of Toximet Limited
Dr Alistair Sutherland
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Biography:

    Applied anthropologist. Over 20 years in rural development: institutionalizing participatory research and gender mainstreaming in agricultural research and extension; R&D policy and institutional analysis; training in social development concepts and tools. Current focus: evaluation research; capacity building in performance management; research promotional strategies for less-developed rural areas. Experience in UK and in eight countries in Southern and Eastern Africa. Bantu language knowledge includes Swahili, Tswana, Nyanja and Shona.
  • Selected Publications:

    Butterworth, J.A., Batchelor, C., Moriarty, P., Schouten, T., Da Silva, C., Verhagen, J., Bury, P.J., Sutherland, A., Manning, N., Darteh, B., Dziegielewska-Geitz, M. and Eckart, J. (2009) Building more effective partnerships for innovation in urban water management. In: Water and Urban Development Paradigms: Towards an Integration of Engineering, Design and Management Approaches. CRC Press / Taylor & Francis, London. UK, pp. 557-565. ISBN 9780415483346 (print), 9780203884102 (electronic) (doi:10.1201/9780203884102.fmatt) Item not available online.
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Visiting Fellow in Livelihoods & Institutional Strengthening
Dr Barnabas Achakpa Ikyo
  • NRI Department: Livelihoods and Institutions Department
  • Qualifications: PhD
  • Biography:

    Barnabas Achakpa Ikyo is the Director of the Centre for Food Technology and Research (CEFTER), Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria. In 2014, he was appointed Project Manager of the Africa Centre of Excellence project won and hosted at CEFTER. He became an Associate professor in 2018. He holds a PhD from the University of Surrey, UK. He will be supporting the work/mission of the NRI/University of Greenwich to expand research excellence.
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    His research focus is in photonics and its applications in characterization of photonics devices used in environmental sensing, medical diagnostics and quantum electronics. His current work is on the efficiency of photovoltaic energy systems and mapping for solar installation in North Central Nigeria. In 2012, he was a research fellow on a £1Million Technology Strategy Board grant working on a food and water safety project at the Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey and DelAgua Ltd. UK to develop a test kit to detect E.coli in water and food stuff. Previous collaborations include optimization of devices for the Naval Research Lab and the Walter Shoctky Institute, Munich Germany between 2008 and 2011.

    In 2014, he joined the World Bank funded Africa Centre of Excellence (ACE-I) project implementation team at the Centre for Food Technology and Research (CEFTER), Benue State University as Project Manager. In 2016, he was appointed the Deputy Director Operation of CEFTER and Deputy Centre Leader ACE-I. The ACE-I project focus was on developing a critical mass of well-trained Africans at Master and doctorate level to have the capacity to address the developmental challenge of controlling postharvest food losses in West and Central Africa. His personal research area in postharvest control is on use of radiation for disinfection and extension of shelf life fruits and yams and on prediction of crop yield using solar activity.  The project has so far trained over 80 PhDs and over 300 Master degrees from Gambia, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon. He has been a supporting consultant to the Africa Centres of Excellence-II for East and Southern Africa, engaging over 20 Centres to develop their implementation plans. At the round-up ACE-I project in 2018, the CEFTER team won another World Bank grant; ACE-Impact which would take off in the last quarter of 2019. In July 2019, He was appointed the Centre Director and ACE-Impact Centre Leader at CEFTER, BSU. He is charged with the responsibility to manage a team of over 70 Academics and researchers on the project.
  • Selected Publications:
    • Chile, C.A., Ihongo, G.D., Ikyo, B.A. Crop Yeild Prediction Using Solar Activity. IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (2018). Vol. 10, Issue 6.
    • Yissah, S.O., Ikyo B.A., Ige T.A Extension of Fresh okra Shelf life by X-ray irradiation., Nigerian Journal of Pure and applied Science, 2016, 8.
    • Ikyo, B.A., Ochai, A.F., Itodo, A. Determination of Efficiency parameters in Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. Nigerian Annals of Pure and Applied Science (2018). Vol.1 pp. 294-299.
    • Ikyo, B.A, Sunday, D. Lyam, M.S., Itodo, A.  Performance Efficiency of Silicon Based Photovoltaic Cell Operating Under Ambient Conditions in Benue State, Nigeria. Nigerian Annals of Pure and Applied Science (2018). Vol.1 pp. 301-307.
    • Ikyo, A. B., Marko, I. P., Hild, K., Adams, A. R., Arafin, S., Amann, M. C., Sweeney, S. J., Temperature stable mid-infrared GaInAsSb/GaSb Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) Nature Scientific Reports (2016) Volume 6, p19595
    • Igbawua  Tertsea,  Ikyo  Barnabas,  Agba  Emmanuel.  Average  Solar  UV  Radiation Dosimetry  in  Central  Nigeria.  International  Journal  of  Environmental  Monitoring and Analysis. Vol. 1, No. 6, 2013, pp. 323-327.
Phone: +44 (0)1634 88 3199
Visiting Fellow in Biophotonics
Dr Don R Reynolds
  • NRI Department: Agriculture, Health and Environment Department
  • Qualifications: BSc (Special), ARCS, PhD, FRES, FRSB
  • Biography:

    Dr Don R Reynolds is an ecological entomologist specializing in insect migration and movement. He has particular experience (over 50 years) in the use of radar and aerial sampling techniques to study the migration of insect pests and beneficials in various regions of the world.  Don Reynolds has worked at the Natural Resources Institute throughout his career.  From 1973 to 1996, he worked with Prof. Joe Riley and Alan Smith, carrying out studies which significantly advanced our understanding of the migration of economically-important agricultural pests in Africa and Asia.  The pest species included:  Sahelian grasshoppers in West Africa, African armyworm in East Africa, Old World bollworm in India; and brown planthopper in the Philippines and China. The various projects involved collaborations with, among others, the UNDP, Kenya Agriculture Research Organisation (KARI), the Desert Locust Control Organisation for Eastern Africa (DLCOEA), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), and Nanjing Agricultural University in China.

    Since 1996, Don Reynolds’ main collaboration has been with Dr Jason Chapman (University of Exeter) on the long-term automatic monitoring of high-altitude insect migration over the UK by means of a special-purpose vertical-looking radar (VLR) system and by aerial netting.  These studies have elucidated the migration strategies of pests such as the diamondback and silver-Y moths, and natural enemies such as green lacewings, hoverflies, and carabid beetles.  Don Reynolds has participated in some ground-breaking research on the orientation mechanisms that high-flying migrant insects use to maintain their seasonal migration directions, and recently he has been involved in quantifying ‘bioflows’ through globally important insect migration ‘Flyways’ in Western Europe, East Asia and the Middle East.

    Previously, Don Reynolds' other main research topic was the use of harmonic scanning radar technology for research into bee and lepidoperan low-altitude navigation mechanisms and foraging strategies. 

    Don Reynolds also has an interest in other aspects of aeroecology (e.g. remote sensing of birds and bats), and he was UK representative in the European Network for the Radar surveillance of Animal Movement (ENRAM) – a research network whose activities were funded by the EU COST Programme.

    Apart from the University of Exeter, Dr Reynolds has collaborated in recent years with Nanjing Agricultural University, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhengzhou, China), Lund University (Sweden), University of Notre Dame (Indiana, USA), UNSW Canberra, James Cook University (Townsville, Australia), University of Haifa (Israel), and with the Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research at the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

    Don Reynolds has about 110 refereed journal papers (including in Nature (5), Science (3), PNAS (5) and Current Biology (6)), as well other book chapters and articles totalling about 132 scientific publications on insect movement.  He has co-authored the definitive monograph on the discipline of ‘Radar Entomology’ (Drake, V.A. & Reynolds, D.R. (2012) Radar Entomology: Observing Insect Flight and Migration).
  • Research / Scholarly Interests:

    Many insect species engage in long-range migrations which impact ecosystem functioning but also have important economic impacts, negatively when the migrants are agricultural pests or disease vectors, but positively when they provide valuable ecosystem services. However, most of these migrations take place high in air, and often at night, and so observation and data collection are intrinsically problematic.  This apparently intractable problem can be addressed by a combination of remote-sensing systems, particularly entomological radar, and aerial sampling, and Don Reynolds has been fortunate enough to devote virtually much of his scientific career to this area of research.  The application of radar to insect migration and movement revealed a series of hitherto-unseen (and rather marvellous phenomena), leading to numerous behavioural, ecological or biometeorological insights. For example, they have revealed surprisingly sophisticated flight behaviours in some of these migrants – findings which have led to fundamental changes in our understanding of insect migration.

    Don Reynolds has also participated in research using scanning harmonic radar, which allows tagged insects to be tracked over distances of several hundred metres. This technology was originally developed by the Natural Resources Institute, and its use has led to significant advances in bee neuroethology (the interface between behaviour under natural conditions and neurological mechanisms), the ecology of pollinators,  odour-mediated anemotactic  flights in moths, and optimal searching strategies.

    Among Don Reynolds’ recent interests are collaborative research efforts to quantify the annual pattern of insect migration (extent, intensity, taxonomic composition, and seasonal directions) of the East-Southeast Asian insect flyway, and to investigate a hitherto unexplored insect migration flyway through the Levant linking Europe, Western Asia and Northeast Africa.
  • Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (GALA) link: https://gala.gre.ac.uk/view/authors/4150.html
  • Responsibilities:

    Don Reynolds’ main tasks are research and other forms of scholarly activity, particularly ones likely to  contribute to the next Research Excellence Framework (REF 2029)
  • Awards:

    • Life-time Achievement Award for contributions to ‘Radar Entomology’ (presented at 2nd International Radar Aeroecology Conference, Zhenzhou, China, September 2019

    • Emeritus Scientist position at Rothamsted Research

    • Formerly Member of the Management Committee of the “European Network for the Radar surveillance of Animal Movement (ENRAM)”.
  • External Profiles:

    ORCID

    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-7491

    Research Gate

    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Don-Reynolds-2/research

    Google Scholar

    https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?hl=en&user=wqNmyU4AAAAJ
  • Selected Publications:

    • Zhang, S.Y., Zhang, Y.Y., Yang F, Zhou, C., Shen, H.M., Wang, B.B., Zeng, J., Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. & Hu, G. (2025) Climate change is leading to an ecological trap in a migratory insect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 122(9), e2422595122.

    • Hu, G., Feng, H., Otuka, A., Reynolds, D.R., Drake, V.A. & Chapman, J.W. (2025) The East Asian Insect Flyway: Geographical and climatic factors driving migration among diverse crop pests. Annual Review of Entomology, 70, 1-22.

    • Huang, J., Feng, H, Drake, V.A., Reynolds, D.R., Gao, B., Chen, F., Zhang, G., Zhu, J., Gao, Y., Zhai, B., Li, G., Tian, C., Huang, B., Hu, G. & Chapman, J.W. (2024) Massive seasonal high-altitude migrations of nocturnal insects above the agricultural plains of East China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 121 (18): e2317646121, 9pp. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/46833/

    • Chen, H., Wan, G., Li, J., Ma, Y., Reynolds, D.R., Dreyer, D., Warrant, E.J., Chapman, J.W. & Hu, G. (2023) Adaptive migratory orientation of an invasive pest on a new continent. iScience, 26 (12), 108281, 8pp.

    • Lehmann, T., Bamou, R., Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Armbruster, P.A., Dao, A., Yaro, A.S., Burkot, T.R. & Linton, Y.-M. (2023) Urban malaria may be spreading via the wind—here’s why that’s important. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 120 (18), e2301666120, 4pp. 

    • Lv, H., Zhai, M.-Y., Zeng, J., Zhang, Y.-Y., Zhu, F., Shen, H.-M., Qiu, K., Gao, B.-Y., Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. & Hu, G.(2023) Changing patterns of the East Asian monsoon drive shifts in migration and abundance of a globally important rice pest. Global Change Biology, 29, 2655–2668.

    • Zhu, J., Chen, X., Liu, J., Jiang, Y., Chen, F., Lu, J., Chen, H., Zhai, B., Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. &  Hu, G. (2022) A cold high-pressure system over North China hinders the southward migration of Mythimna separata in autumn. Movement Ecology, 10, article 54, 12pp. 

    • Hawkes, W.L.S., Walliker, E., Gao, B., Forster, O., Lacey, K., Doyle, T., Massy, R., Roberts, N.W., Reynolds, D.R., Ozden, O., Chapman, J.W. & Wotton, K.R. (2022) Huge spring migrations of insects from the Middle East to Europe: quantifying the migratory assemblage and ecosystem services. Ecography, 2022(10), e06288, 15pp.

    • Menz, M.H.M., Scacco, M., Bürki-Spycher, H.-M., Williams, H.J., Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. & Wikelski, M. (2022) Individual tracking reveals long-distance flight-path control in a nocturnally migrating moth. Science, 377, pp. 764-768.

    • Hu, G., Stefanescu, C., Oliver, T.H., Roy, D.B., Brereton, T., Van Swaay, C., Reynolds, D.R. & Chapman, J.W. (2021) Environmental drivers of annual population fluctuations in a trans-Saharan insect migrant. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 118 (26), e2102762118, 11pp

    • Gao, B., Hedlund, J., Reynolds, D.R., Zhai, B., Hu, G. & Chapman, J.W. (2020) The ‘migratory connectivity’ concept, and its applicability to insect migrants. Movement Ecology, 8, article 48, 13 pp. 

    • Florio, J., Verú, L.M., Dao, A., Yaro A.S., Diallo, M., Sanogo, Z.L., Samaké, D., Huestis, D.L., Yossi, O., Talamas, E., Chamorro, L., Frank, J.H., Biondi, M., Morkel, C., Bartlett, C., Linton, Y.-M., Strobach, E., Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Faiman, R., Krajacich, B.J., Smith, C.S. & Lehmann, T. (2020) Diversity, dynamics, direction, and magnitude of high-altitude migrating insects in the Sahel. Scientific Reports, 10, article 20523, 14 pp. 

    • Wainwright, C.E., Reynolds, D.R. & Reynolds, A.M. (2020) Linking small-scale flight manoeuvers and density profiles to the vertical movement of insects in the nocturnal stable boundary layer. Scientific Reports, 10, article 1019, 11pp.

    • Menz M.H.M., Reynolds, D.R., Gao, B., Hu, G., Chapman J.W., Wotton, K.R. (2019) Mechanisms and consequences of partial migration in insects. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7, article 403, 9 pp.

    • Huestis, D.L., Dao, A., Diallo, M., Sanogo, Z.L., Samake, D., Yaro, A.S., Ousman, Y., Linton, Y.-M., Krishna, A., Veru, L., Krajacich, B.J., Faiman, R., Florio, J., Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Weetman, D., Mitchell, R., Donnelly, M.J., Talamas, E., Chamorro, L., Strobach, E. & Lehmann, T. (2019) Windborne long-distance migration of malaria mosquitoes in the Sahel. Nature, 574, 404–408. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1622-4

    • Wotton, K.R., Gao, B., Menz, M.H.M., Morris, R.K.A., Ball, S.G., Lim, K.S., Reynolds, D.R., Hu, G. & Chapman, J.W. (2019) Mass seasonal migrations of hoverflies provide extensive pollination and crop protection services. Current Biology, 29(13), 2167–2173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.036

    • Jones, C.M., Parry, H., Tay, W.T., Reynolds, D.R. & Chapman, J.W. (2019) Movement ecology of pest Helicoverpa: implications for ongoing spread. Annual Review of Entomology, 64, 277-295. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111959

    • Hüppop, O., Ciach, M., Diehl, R., Reynolds, D.R., Stepanian, P.M. & Menz, M.H.M. (2019) Perspectives and challenges for the use of radar in biological conservation. Ecography, 42 (5), 912-930. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.04063 

    • Bauer, S., Shamoun‐Baranes, J., Nilsson, C., Farnsworth, A., Kelly, J., Reynolds, D.R., Dokter, A.M., Krauel, J., Petterson, L.B., Horton, K.G. & Chapman, J.W. (2019) The grand challenges of migration ecology that radar aeroecology can help answer. Ecography, 42(5), 861-875. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.04083

    • Mirkovic, D., Stepanian, P.M., Wainwright, C.E., Reynolds, D.R. & Menz, M.H.M. (2019) Characterizing animal anatomy and internal composition for electromagnetic modelling in radar entomology. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 5(2), 169-179.  https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.94

    • Hu, G., Lu, M.-H., Reynolds, D.R., Wang, H.-K., Chen, X., Liu, W.-C., Zhu, F., Wu, X.-W., Xia, F., Xie, M.-C., Cheng, X.-N., Lim, K.-S., Zhai, B.-P. & Chapman, J.W. (2018) Long-term seasonal forecasting of a major migrant insect pest: the brown planthopper in the Lower Yangtze River Valley. Journal of Pest Science, 92, 417-428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1022-9

    • Reynolds, D.R. & Chapman, J.W. (2018) Long-range migration and orientation behaviour. Insect Behavior: From Mechanisms to Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences (ed. by A. Córdoba-Aguilar, D. González-Tokman & I. González-Santoyo), pp. 98-115. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ISBN: 9780198797500 https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0007 

    • Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. & Drake, V.A. (2017) Riders on the wind: the aeroecology of insect migrants. Aeroecology (ed. by P.B. Chilson, W.F. Frick, J.F. Kelly & F. Liechti), pp. 145-177. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, Switzerland.   ISBN: 978-3-319-68574-8.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68576-2_7 

    • Reynolds, D.R., Chapman, J.W. & Stewart, A.J.A. (2017) Windborne migration of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) over Britain. European Journal of Entomology, 114, 554-564. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2017.070

    • Wainwright, C.E., Stepanian, P.M., Reynolds, D.R. & Reynolds, A.M. (2017) The movement of small insects in the convective boundary layer: linking patterns to processes. Scientific Reports, 7, article 5438. https://doi.org/10.1038/s***************-0  

    • Bauer, S., Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Alves, J.A., Dokter, A.M., Menz, M.M.H., Sapir, N., Ciach, M., Pettersson, L.B., Kelly, J.F., Lejijnse, H. & Shamoun-Baranes, J. (2017) From agricultural benefits to aviation safety: Realizing the potential of continent-wide radar networks. BioScience, 67 (10), 912-918.  https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix074

    • Drake, V.A., Chapman, J.W., Lim, K.S., Reynolds, D.R., Riley, J.R. & Smith, A.D. (2017) Ventral-aspect radar cross sections and polarization patterns of insects at X band and their relation to size and form. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 38 (18), 5022-5044. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2017.1320453

    • Hu, G., Lim, K.S., Horvitz, N., Clark, S.J., Reynolds, D.R., Sapir, N. & Chapman, J.W. (2016) Mass seasonal bioflows of high-flying insect migrants. Science, 354 (6319) 1584-1587. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah4379 

    • Reynolds, A.M., Reynolds, D.R., Sane, S.P., Hu, G. & Chapman, J.W. (2016) Orientation in high-flying migrant insects in relation to flows: mechanisms and strategies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 371, 20150392. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0392 

    • Hu, G., Lim, K.S., Reynolds, D.R., Reynolds A.M. & Chapman, J.W. (2016) Wind-related orientation patterns in diurnal, crepuscular and nocturnal high-altitude insect migrants. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 10, article 32 (8 pp). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00032

    • Chapman, J.W., Nilsson, C., Lim, K.S., Bäckman, J., Reynolds, D.R. & Alerstam, T. (2016) Adaptive strategies in nocturnally migrating insects and songbirds:  contrasting responses to wind. Journal of Animal Ecology, 85, 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12420

    • Chapman, J.W., Nilsson, C., Lim, K.S., Bäckman, J., Reynolds, D.R., Alerstam, T. & Reynolds, A.M.  (2015) Detection of flow direction in high-flying insect and songbird migrants. Current Biology, 25 (17), R733–R752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.074

    • Reynolds, A.M., Jones, H.B.C., Hill, J.K., Pearson, A.J., Wilson, K., Wolf, S., Lim, K.S., Reynolds, D.R. & Chapman, J.W. (2015) Evidence for a pervasive ‘idling-mode’ activity template in flying and pedestrian insects. Royal Society Open Science, 2, 150085. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150085 

    • Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R. & Wilson, K. (2015) Long-range seasonal migration in insects: mechanisms, evolutionary drivers and ecological consequences. Ecology Letters, 18, 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12407

    • Reynolds, D.R., Reynolds, A.M. & Chapman, J.W. (2014) Non-volant modes of migration in terrestrial arthropods. Animal Migration, 2, 8-28. https://doi.org/10.2478/ami-2014-0002

    • Stefanescu, C., Páramo, F., Åkesson, S., Alarcón, M., Ávila, A., Brereton, T., Carnicer, J., Cassar, L.F., Fox, R., Heliölä, J., Hill, J.K., Hirneisen, N., Kjellén, N., Kühn, E., Kuussaari, M., Leskinen, M., Liechti, F., Musche, M., Regan, E.C., Reynolds, D.R., Roy, D.B., Ryrholm, N., Schmaljohann, H., Settele, J., Thomas, C.D., van Swaay, C. & Chapman, J.W. (2013) Multi-generational long-distance migration of insects: studying the painted lady butterfly in the Western Palaearctic. Ecography, 36, 474-486.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07738.x

    • Drake, V.A. & Reynolds, D.R. (2012) Radar entomology: observing insect flight and migration. CABI, Wallingford, UK, 496 pp. ISBN: 9781845935566

    • Chapman, J.W., Bell, J.R., Burgin, L.E., Reynolds, D.R., Pettersson, L.B., Hill, J.K., Bonsall, M.B. & Thomas, J.A. (2012) Seasonal migration to high latitudes results in major reproductive benefits in an insect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 109 (37), 14924-14929. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207255109

    • Chapman, J.W., Klaassen, R.H.G., Drake, V.A., Fossette, S., Hays, G.C., Metcalfe, J.D., Reynolds, A.M., Reynolds, D.R. and Alerstam, T. (2011) Animal orientation strategies for movement in flows. Current Biology, 21, R861-R870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.014

    • Alerstam, T., Chapman, J.W., Bäckman, J., Smith, A.D., Karlsson, H., Nilsson, C., Reynolds, D.R., Klaassen, R.H.G. & Hill, J.K. (2011) Convergent patterns of long-distance nocturnal migration in noctuid moths and passerine birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278, 3074–3080. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0058

    • Chapman, J.W, Drake, V.A. & Reynolds, D.R. (2011) Recent insights from radar studies of insect flight. Annual Review of Entomology, 56, 337-356. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120709-144820

    • Chapman, J.W., Nesbit, R.L., Burgin, L.E., Reynolds, D.R., Smith, A.D., Middleton, D. R. & Hill, J.K. (2010) Flight orientation behaviors promote optimal migration trajectories in high-flying insects. Science, 327, 682-685. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1182990

    • Reynolds, A.M., Reynolds, D.R., Smith, A.D. & Chapman, J.W. (2010) A single wind-mediated mechanism explains high-altitude ‘non-goal oriented’ headings and layering of nocturnally migrating insects.  Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 277, 765-772. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1221

    • Reynolds, A.M., Sword, G.A., Simpson, S. J. & Reynolds, D.R. (2009) Predator percolation, insect outbreaks and phase polyphenism. Current Biology, 19, 20-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.070

    • Reynolds, A.M. & Reynolds, D.R. (2009) Aphid aerial density profiles are consistent with turbulent advection amplifying flight behaviours: abandoning the epithet ‘passive’. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 137-143. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0880

    • Reynolds, A.M., Reynolds, D.R. & Riley, J.R. (2009) Does a ‘turbophoretic’ effect account for layer concentrations of insects migrating in the stable night-time atmosphere? Journal of the Royal Society - Interface, 6, 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0173

    • Ovaskainen, O., Smith, A.D., Osborne, J.L., Reynolds, D.R., Carreck, N.L., Martin, A.P., Niitepõld, K. & Hanski, I. (2008) Tracking butterfly movements with harmonic radar reveals an effect of population age on movement frequency. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, USA, 105 (49), 19090-19095. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802066105

    • Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Hill, J.K, Sivell, D., Smith, A.D. & Woiwod, I.P. (2008) A seasonal switch in compass orientation in a high-flying migrant moth. Current Biology, 18, R908–R909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.014

    • Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Mouritsen, H., Hill, J.K, Riley, J.R., Sivell, D., Smith, A.D. & Woiwod, I.P. (2008) Wind selection and drift compensation optimize migratory pathways in a high-flying moth. Current Biology, 18, 514–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.080

    • Reynolds, A.M., Smith, A.D., Menzel, R, Greggers, U., Reynolds, D.R. & Riley, J.R. (2007) Displaced honey bees perform optimal scale-free search flights. Ecology 88, 1955–1961. https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1916.1

    • Riley, J.R., Greggers, U., Smith, A.D., Reynolds, D.R. & Menzel, R. (2005) The flight paths of honeybees recruited by the waggle dance. Nature, 435, 205-207.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03526

    • Riley, J.R., Greggers, U., Smith, A.D., Stach, S., Reynolds, D.R., Stollhoff, N., Brandt, R., Schaupp, F. & Menzel, R. (2003) The automatic pilot of honeybees. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 270, 2421-2424. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2003.2542

    • Capaldi, E.A., Smith, A.D., Osborne, J.L., Fahrbach, S.E., Farris, S.M., Reynolds, D.R., Edwards, A.S., Martin, A., Robinson, G.E., Poppy, G.M. & Riley, J.R. (2000). Ontogeny of orientation flight in the honeybee revealed by harmonic radar. Nature, 403, 537-540. https://doi.org/10.1038/35000564 

    • Riley, J.R., Reynolds, D.R., Smith, A.D., Edwards, A.S., Osborne, J.L., Williams, I.H. & McCartney, H.A. (1999) Compensation for wind drift by bumble-bees. Nature, 400, 126. https://doi.org/10.1038/22029

    • Riley, J.R., Smith, A.D., Reynolds, D.R., Edwards, A.S., Osborne, J.L., Williams, I.H., Carreck, N.L. & Poppy, G.M. (1996) Tracking bees with harmonic radar. Nature, 379, 29-30. https://doi.org/10.1038/379029b0 
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